GST (Goods and Services Tax) is India's unified indirect tax, introduced on 1 July 2017 in place of VAT, service tax and excise duty. Since the GST 2.0 reform of 22 September 2025 there are two main slabs, 5% and 18%, and a 40% rate for luxury and sin goods. Shoppers use a GST calculator to check the tax on a bill, and businesses use it to price goods and raise correct invoices.
The formula. To add GST: GST amount = Base × rate ÷ 100 and Final = Base × (1 + rate ÷ 100). To remove GST from a tax-inclusive price: Base = Final ÷ (1 + rate ÷ 100), then GST = Final − Base. Here Base is the pre-tax price, rate is the GST percentage and Final is the price including GST.
Worked example. On a ₹1,000 item at 18% GST, the GST is 1,000 × 18 ÷ 100 = ₹180, so the final price is ₹1,180. For an intra-state sale that ₹180 splits into ₹90 CGST and ₹90 SGST. In reverse, a ₹1,180 inclusive price gives a base of 1,180 ÷ 1.18 = ₹1,000 and ₹180 of GST.
For intra-state transactions, GST is split equally into CGST (Central GST) and SGST (State GST). For inter-state transactions, IGST = full GST rate is applied.